Tech startups are on a quest for the ultimate app, a digital creation that propels their business toward success. They navigate through uncharted waters, using data as a map to chart their course and make corrections along the way. With a fresh, innovative approach to product development, startups have caught the eye of both software vendors and clients.

Embark on a journey with Lexis Solutions as we delve into the exclusive realm of [software development](https://www.lexis.solutions/services/next-js-development) for startups. Uncover the key phases and models of product building that every tech entrepreneur should be familiar with and put into practice for optimal outcomes.

## Software development for startups

Software development for startups is distinct from established corporations due to its limited market influence and financial resources. 

## Critical differences in software development for startups

### Agile response to the transformation 

Flexibility is crucial for success as a young business entering a competitive market. Startups should have a business strategy adaptable to market changes instead of sticking to a rigid plan.

### Ability to pivot quickly

The ability to rotate easily also allows startups to shift, making significant changes to their business direction without incurring substantial losses or failing.

### Attention to clients' insight

Unlike larger businesses with extensive field experience, startups must pay extra attention to customer feedback in product development. With a smaller consumer pool, startups can gather more specific, actionable insights directly from users.

### Analytics-based strategy

Like other aspects of the business, software development for startups must be data-driven. Although companies of all sizes rely on data, startups need to build data sets for each product they develop to avoid the buildup of data silos, a common issue in more giant corporations.

## The phases of software development in startups 

Following a structured process is essential to ensure a smooth journey from idea to deployment and beyond when developing a new product. The steps can be adjusted based on your needs or deadlines. 

### It all starts with an idea

Unleashing creativity in a team environment requires tapping into the collective imagination. Capturing each unique thought and storing it for posterity is vital. Subsequently, the most promising concepts come to light by evaluating and narrowing down the choices and delving into market trends, granting a deeper understanding of the landscape and the players. Conducting a SWOT analysis allows your startup to chart a course for success.

### Bringing an idea to life requires thorough validation

This includes outlining your competitors and monetization strategies and showcasing a minimum viable product (MVP) to highlight the software's fundamental functionality. Engage with your [CTO](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/cto-as-a-service-the-ultimate-guide), partners, investors, and stakeholders to ensure your concept is sound and backed by a solid business plan.

### Crafting the vision

Your design team paints a vivid picture of the software to help developers bring it to life. With the help of your [UX/UI](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/free-resources-for-resourceful-UI-designers) specialists, wireframes and prototypes of the user interface come to life. Engineers then evaluate the feasibility of the features before building the product, seamlessly integrating ideas with the business plan.

### Building the foundation

The heart of software development for startups lies in this stage. It requires focus and skill, whether enhancing the MVP or starting from scratch. Agreeing on the tech stack sets the foundation for your development team to begin constructing the product.

### Testing the waters

Separating testing from the development process can speed up the [quality assurance](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/into-the-shoes-of-a-QA-the-FAQ) (QA) process. Instead, integrate testing into the software development life cycle to identify and fix bugs before moving forward.

### Bringing it to life

Once testing is complete, implement the changes. Review the code and make any necessary modifications before adding new features.

### Launching into the world

It’s time to launch. Your DevOps team should have a plan to deploy the product. This is crucial as it's the first time your solution meets the target audience. Showcase your startup in its best light, gather user feedback, and make adjustments.

### Monetizing the dream

Before launching, determine the monetization strategy that aligns with your marketing plan and maximizes profits while prioritizing a positive user experience. Choose from various options, such as subscriptions, in-app sales, ads, purchases, and sponsored partnerships.

### Continuous improvement

The software development journey never truly ends. Keep a close eye on the product, gather user feedback, and continually make improvements. Maintain a strong relationship with your users and stay open to their suggestions for future updates.

### Models of software development for startups

The world of software development for startups is constantly evolving, with new methodologies emerging to help teams build better and faster. But which one is right for you and your startup?

__Agile is the king of flexibility;__ with short-term deliverables and iterations, startups can quickly iterate their products without restrictions. However, Agile can lead to poor resource allocation and may disregard documentation.

On the other hand, __Waterfall__ follows a strict chronological hierarchy and prioritizes documentation. While this method is simple to follow, even with shifting team members, it may limit the agility of the software development process for a startup.

__Lean__ values efficiency and swift product delivery. This methodology optimizes resources and empowers team members to be more productive but relies on seamless cooperation between teams.

Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, so it's essential to carefully consider your project's needs and goals before deciding.

## How to find software developers for a startup

Recruiting the right developers for your startup can be a game-changer, but simply telling them, "I'm building a billionaire business, want to be part of it?" won't do the trick. Here are some steps to help you bring on the right talent to build your dream:

### Clarity 

Define the essence of your project and what it entails to convey its worth to potential developers. Passion and a clear understanding of your idea can be your best selling points if you need a millionaire investment.

### Talent over budget

Don't settle for just anyone who fits your budget. Dedicate time to sourcing and recruiting the right candidate with the skills and excitement to work on your project.

### Know what you need 

Be transparent in your job description and ensure it reflects the flexibility required for a role in a startup. Knowing the different types of developers and their areas of expertise is especially important if you need a technical background. Hiring someone who needs to be the right fit can only delay projects and harm morale.

### Embrace remote work

Attract top talent from all over the world by considering remote work. Hiring remote developers can save time and money and accommodate a more efficient workflow.

### On a quest to hire developers for startups 

For those looking to bring a developer on board, freelancing platforms are a popular option for single projects. Toptal, Guru, [Upwork](https://www.upwork.com/ag/lexissolutions/), Freelancer, Fiverr, PeoplePerHour, and Lemon.io are well-known freelancing websites. 

Another strategy is to partner with local universities, sponsor student projects to find up-and-coming talent, and then offer internships to help students gain experience and connect with your company.

Job boards like LinkedIn can be a fast solution for finding developers online. However, knowing the right fit for your company can take time and effort with so many candidates. Local recruitment agencies can save time in the long run, but they limit your search to one area and may need more technical knowledge.

Another crucial question is how much it costs to hire developers for a startup. And the answer is not that simple: it depends. We already gave you some options for how and where to find the right developers for your startup. A tech partner is always a good choice, especially a [Chief Technology Officer](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/cto-as-a-service-the-ultimate-guide). If neither of them works, you can always ask a fellow startup founder, who you are sure is on the way to success, for any significant advice. 

## The blueprint for a better process of software development in startups

### Communication is the key

Ensure a harmonious workflow by creating crystal clear channels of communication. Utilize tech-savvy tools like Slack to facilitate seamless collaboration between team members. Schedule frequent virtual huddles to stay in the loop and easily track progress.

### Stay focused on your goals

Use [project management tools](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/scrum-a-comprehensive-overview) and [extensions](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/7-google-chrome-extensions-for-higher-productivity) to track progress and ensure you stay on track with your launch timeline. Regularly evaluate the project to ensure it aligns with your initial goals.

### Choose your [resources](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/free-resources-for-resourceful-UI-designers) 

Wisely before selecting a technology stack, and provide you have experienced developers on board. Consider hiring new developers or outsourcing part of the work, but always have in-house [experts](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/cto-as-a-service-the-ultimate-guide) to handle integration.

### Document everything

Centralize all product development documentation in a system. This will prevent delays and keep the project moving forward even if team members leave mid-way.

### Data-driven decisions 

Make decisions based on data, not intuition, to minimize the risk of failure. Use data management systems like [MongoDB](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/What-is-MongoDB) to analyze information and make informed decisions. Automate data processing to get real-time information with high accuracy.

### Test, Test, Test

[Testing](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/how-to-test-REST-ful-APIs-with-postman) is crucial to catch errors and logic flaws in the code. It's a time-consuming process, but the stakes of a flawed code make it worth it. Make testing a part of your software creation process, or give it its life cycle.

### Seek feedback

As we already mentioned, considering your clients' insight is crucial.

Conduct surveys, questionnaires, and usability tests, and observe customer interactions to gather information and improve your chances of success.

## Conclusion

Bringing software development for startups to life may seem daunting, but by sticking to the essentials, you're building the cornerstone for future triumph. Pick a startup-savvy method that keeps you light on your feet and can pivot with the market's demands.

Though many companies and startups are hopping on the agile bandwagon, select a software development model that suits your startup's unique style. Thorough testing is a must-have, so give your products a [complete workout](https://www.lexis.solutions/services/react-development) before unleashing them. 

Communication is vital, so keep the channels open and harness the power of tools to be more productive, gather valuable user feedback, and make smart business moves.


Join Lexis Solutions on a journey to the heart of software development for startups and uncover the secrets to success.

software development for startups

From Idea to Launch: Software Development for Startups

Bilyal Mestanov

Antoniya Ivanova

Data Enrichment Services for B2B-cover photo

Milush-photo

AI tools-cover photo

Bansko 2023

Radoslav

devops-cover photo

freelance vs agency

Emil Kirilov

Deyan Denchev

QA-3-cover photo

Olek

Mira

guzzle

web scrapping-cover photo

it-diploma-cover photo

CTO & Co-Founder

Milush Karadimov

Software Developer

Radoslav Kosev

QA Engineer

CEO & Co-Founder

Web Developer

Mira Ereeva

Growth Manager

Oleksandr Suprun

Junior Full-stack Developer

PHP Developer

## Introduction

Guzzle is a popular PHP HTTP client that simplifies making HTTP requests. It has been around for over ten years and is utilized by the Laravel framework under the hood. Guzzle abstracts the complexities of creating HTTP requests and handling responses by wrapping them in intuitive PHP objects, which you can easily manipulate. It is super flexible and allows you to specify timeouts, auth and proxy details, SSL certificates, etc. Guzzle is used for various HTTP-related tasks, such as making API requests, scraping web pages, and interacting with web services.

## Features

Guzzle has all the features you'd expect from an HTTP client. Here are some of its key functionalities in detail:
HTTP Request Methods & Params
Guzzle supports all primary HTTP request methods, including GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD. You can easily specify the desired manner when creating requests.

*__Get query without parameters__*

        $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
        $request = $client->get('https://example.com');

*__Delete query__*

       $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
       $request = $client->delete('https://example.com');

Guzzle also makes it easy to add parameters to your requests. This is useful for passing data in the URL for GET requests or specifying the body for the JSON API you interact with.

__Get query with parameters__

     $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
     $response = $client->request('GET', 'https://example.com', [
       'query' => [
         'param1' => 'value1',
         'param2' => 'value2',
        ],
    ]);  

 __Post query with parameter__

     $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
     // Define the parameters as an associative array 
       $parameters = [
         'param1' => 'value1',
         'param2' => 'value2'
      ];
      // Convert the parameters to a JSON string if there are two or more parameters, 
      and skip this step if you pass only one parameter
     $json_ parameters = json_encode($parameters); 
     // Send the POST request
     $response = $client->request (POST, 'https://example.com', [
        'body' => $json_ parameters,
        'headers' => [
    'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
        ],
     ]); 
     // *__Get the response body if needed
     echo__* $response->getBody()->getContents();

### Custom Request Headers

You can set custom HTTP headers for your requests, essential for authentication, user agent identification, and specifying content types.

__Guzzle HTTP Client Authentication Example__

You can use Guzzle to send authenticated requests using various authentication methods such as Basic Authentication, Bearer Token, or other custom authentication mechanisms. Here's an example of basic authentication:

        $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
        $response = $client->request('GET', 'https://example.com', [
           'auth' => [
             'your_username',
             'Your_password'
             ],
           ]); 

__Guzzle HTTP Client Specifying Content Types Example__

You can specify the Content-Type and Accept headers to indicate the content type of the request and the expected response content type:

        $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
        $response = $client->request('POST', 'https://example.com', [
           'headers' => [
              'Content-Type' => 'application/json',
              'Accept' => 'application/json',
            ],
            'json' => [
               'key1' => 'value1',
               'key2' => 'value2',
              ],
            ]);

__Guzzle HTTP Client User Agent Identification Example__

You can set a custom User-Agent header to identify your client to the server:

      $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
      $response = $client->request('GET', 'https://example.com', [
         'headers' => [
            'User-Agent' => MyCustomUserAgent/1.0,
          ],
        ]);

__Request Options__

Guzzle allows you to configure various request options, such as timeouts, SSL verification settings, and more.

      // Timeout if a server does not respond in 5 seconds
      $client->request('GET', 'https://example.com', ['timeout' => 5]);

     // Automatically retry the request if a client or server error occurs - 
      it is possible by installing an additional Guzzle Retry
      Middleware package via 'composer require caseyamcl/guzzle_retry_middleware'. 
      Then, add an option in the request
        $response = $client->get('https://example.com', [
           'max_retry_attempts' => 5, // maximum number of retries. It is ten by default.
          ]);

    // *If you're using Laravel, 
    you can set retries with this code where 3 is the number of request attempts, 
    and 50 is the number of milliseconds Laravel should wait between shots
    Use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
    $response = Http::retry(3, 50)->post('https://example.com'); 

    // Use a custom SSL certificate on disk
    $client->request('GET', '/', ['verify' => '/path/to/directory/certificate.pem']);

__Middleware__

Middleware is a powerful feature that enables you to modify requests and responses flexibly and reusable. You can attach middleware to the Guzzle client to perform tasks like logging, authentication, or response processing.

      // An example of how to log Guzzle HTTP requests and responses
      for debugging purposes using the Monolog package, which sends logs to a file,
      and the MessageFormatter instance that controls what gets logged
      $logger = new Logger('guzzle');
      $logger->pushHandler(new StreamHandler('guzzle.log'));
      $stack = \GuzzleHttp\HandlerStack::create();
      $stack->push( \GuzzleHttp\Middleware::log(
           $logger,
           new MessageFormatter('{method} {uri} - {code} - {res_body}')
         )
        );
        $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client(['handler' => $stack]);
        $response = $client->request('GET', 'https://example.com');

__Cookies__

Guzzle includes a CookieJar for managing cookies in your HTTP requests. This allows your application to handle session and authentication cookies seamlessly.

       // An example of managing cookies 
       across multiple requests using CookieJar
       $cookieJar = new CookieJar();
       $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client(['cookies' => $cookieJar]);
       $response = $client->request('GET', 'https://example.com');
       $cookies = $cookieJar->toArray(); // Access cookies from the response
       print_r($cookies);

__Async Requests__

Guzzle supports asynchronous requests, which means you can send multiple requests in parallel and process their responses as they become available. This can significantly improve the performance of your applications when dealing with numerous remote resources.

      // An example of how to send asynchronous requests for improved performance
      $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client(); 
      $api_urls = [
        'https://api.example.com/resource1',
        'https://api.example.com/resource2',
        'https://api.example.com/resource3',
    ];
    $promises = []; 
    foreach ($api_urls as $url) {
        $promises[$url] = $client->getAsync($url);
    }
    $responses = Promise\settle($promises)->wait(); // 
    A settled Promise represents the outcome of 
    an asynchronous operation which can be 
    successfully (fulfilled) or with an error (rejected)
    foreach ($responses as $url => $response) {
    if ($response['state'] === 'fulfilled') {
        $response_data = $response['value']->getBody()->getContents();
        echo "Response from $url: $response_data \n";
      } else {
         echo "Request to $url failed.\n";
       }
     }

__Streaming Responses__

Guzzle can stream large response bodies, which helps download large files or process streaming data without loading it all into memory.

    // You can stream large responses to save memory
    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client(); 
    $api_url = 'https://api.example.com/large-resource';
    $response = $client->request('GET', $api_url, ['stream' => true]); 
    // Stream the response
    $stream = $response->getBody();
    while (!$stream->eof()) {
        echo $stream->read(1024); // Process data in chunks
    }

__Proxy support__

Proxy support in Guzzle allows you to route your HTTP request through an intermediary server (a proxy server) before reaching the target server. This can be useful when accessing resources behind a firewall or for privacy reasons. Guzzle makes configuring and using a proxy server for your requests is straightforward.

    // An example of how to set proxy servers. Define the proxy server details
	    $proxy_servers = [
        first_server => 'https://first-proxy-server:port',
        second_server => 'https://second-proxy-server:port',
    ];
    // Create a Guzzle HTTP Client with proxy configuration
    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client([
        RequestOptions::PROXY => $proxy_servers,
    ]);
    // Sent a GET request through the proxy
    $response = $client->get('https://example.com');
    // Handle the response
   echo $response->getBody()->getContents();

__Sink__

Guzzle's "sink" feature allows you to efficiently download large files or responses directly to a file instead of loading the entire response into memory. This is particularly useful when dealing with large files, as it helps prevent memory exhaustion.

    // An example of downloading a file with the sink function
    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
    // Define the file path where you want to save the downloaded file
    $file_path = 'path/to/directory/file.txt';
    // Send a GET request and save the response directly to the file
    $client->get('https://example.com/large-file.zip', [
        RequestOptions::SINK => $file_path,
    ]);

__Error Handling__

The library provides error-handling mechanisms and exceptions for various HTTP-related errors, making it easier to handle issues like connection failures, timeouts, and invalid responses gracefully.

    // Handle errors gracefully with Guzzle
    $client = new Client();
    $api_url = 'https://example.com/resource';
    try {
        $response = $client->request('GET', $api_url);
        // Handle the response here
    } catch (RequestException $e) {
        if ($e->hasResponse()) {
            // Handle HTTP errors
            $response = $e->getResponse();
            $status_code = $response->getStatusCode();
            echo "HTTP Error: $status_code \n";
        } else {
            // Handle other request errors
            echo 'Request Error: ' . $e->getMessage() . "\n";
        }
    }

__Request and Response Logging__

Guzzle supports request and response logging, which is valuable for debugging and monitoring the communication between your application and external services.

    // You can log both requests and responses for debugging. 
    Create a PSR-3 compatible logger (e.g., Monolog)
    $logger = new \Monolog\Logger('guzzle');
    $logger->pushHandler(new \Monolog\Handler\StreamHandler('guzzle.log'));
    $stack = HandlerStack::create();
    $stack->push(Middleware::log($logger, new MiddlewareFormatter()));
    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client(['handler' => $stack]);
    $api_url = 'https://api.example.com/resource';
    try {
        $response = $client->request('GET', $api_url);
        // Handle the response here
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage();
    }

__Note:__ In this example, you must implement a custom MiddlewareFormatter to format the log entries per your requirements.
Scenarios

Certainly, Guzzle HTTP Client is commonly used in various scenarios in PHP development. Let's dive into the most common use cases for Guzzle, along with detailed examples for each:

*__Web Scraping and Content Retrieval__*

Scraping web content or fetching HTML data from websites.

            $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
            $response = $client->get('https://example.com');
            $html_content = $response->getBody()->getContents()

*__Asynchronous Requests__*

Sending multiple HTTP requests in parallel for improved performance, e.g., concurrently fetching data from various APIs.

    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
    $promises = [
        $client->getAsync('https://api.example.com/resource1'),
        $client->getAsync('https://api.example.com/resource2'), 
        // Add more async requests as needed
    ];
    // Wait for all promises to settle and get their results
    $responses = GuzzleHttp\Promise\unwrap($promises); 

*__Authentication and Token Retrieval__*

Authenticating with an OAuth 2.0 server to obtain an access token for API access.

    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
    $response = $client->post('https://auth.example.com/token', [
        'form_params' => [
            'grant_type' => 'client_credentials',
            'client_id' => 'YOUR_CLIENT_ID',
            'client_secret' => 'YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET',
        ],
    ]);
    $token_data = json_decode($response->getBody()->getContents(), true);

Web Service Testing

Writing automated tests to check the functionality of a web service's API endpoints. You can use PHPUnit, a popular testing framework for PHP, to create and run these tests.

    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client();
    // Send a GET request to https://example.com/your-endpoint
    $response = $client->get('https://example.com/users/123'); 

  // Check if the response status code is 200, and then parse the JSON response content and make assertions about its structure and values

    $this->assertEquals(200, $response->getStatusCode());
    $data = json_decode($response->getBody(), true);
    $this->assertArrayHasKey('expected_key', $data);
    $this->assertEquals('expected_value', $data['expected_key']);

### Step-by-step with Guzzle HTTP Client

Picture yourself in the process of constructing a web application that needs to interact with various online services. Let's say you intend to retrieve video information from a video database and present it within your application. You will surely need an HTTP client, and Guzzle is the perfect choice. Let's start with authentication and then proceed with different download modes (synchronous and streaming). Follow these steps:

__1. Install Guzzle:__ If you haven't already, install Guzzle by running:

    composer require guzzlehttp/guzzle

__2. Create a PHP file:__ Start by creating a PHP file where you'll write the code for downloading the video.

__3. Import necessary classes:__ In your PHP file, you'll need to import the Guzzle classes you'll be using and include the “autoload” file in the script part of the code to load all the classes and methods.

    <?php
    require 'vendor/autoload.php';
    Use GuzzleHttp\Client;
    Use GuzzleHttp\RequestOptions;

__4. Specify the URL of the video and authentication credentials:__ Set the URL of the video and any authentication credentials if required:

      $username = 'your_username';
      $password = 'your_password';
      $video_url = 'https://example.com/path/to/video.mp4';
      $file_path = 'path/to/directory/video.mp4';

__5. Initialize Guzzle Client:__ Create an instance of the Guzzle Client. This client will handle the HTTP requests:

 	    $client = new GuzzleHttp\Client([
	        'auth' => [$username, $password]
    ]);

__6. Option 1:__ Synchronous Download: This method downloads the entire file simultaneously. Use this approach if you're working with reasonably sized files:
   
    try {
        $client->get($video_url, [
            RequestOptions::SINK => $file_path,
        ]);
        echo 'Video downloaded successfully!';
    } catch (GuzzleHttp\Exception\RequestException $e) {
        echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage();
    }


__7. Option 2:__ Streamed Download: This method downloads the file in chunks, which can be helpful for large files. It consumes less memory compared to synchronous downloads:

    try {
        $response = $client->request('GET', $video_url, [
            'auth' => [$username, $password], // Add authentication
            'stream' => true // Enable streaming
        ]); 
        if ($response->getStatusCode() === 200) {
            $stream = $response->getBody();
            $file_handle = fopen('video.mp4', 'w');
            while (!$stream->eof()) {
                fwrite($file_handle, $stream->read(1024));
            }
            fclose($file_handle);
            echo 'Video downloaded successfully!';
        } else {
            echo 'Error: Status code - ' . $response->getStatusCode();
        }
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        echo 'Error: ' . $e->getMessage();
    } 
Replace 'https://example.com/path/to/video.mp4', 'your_username', and 'your_password' with your actual URL and authentication credentials.

__Note:__ *Ensure you have the proper rights or permissions to download and use the video, considering any legal or copyright considerations.*

## Conclusion

Guzzle is an incredible HTTP Client for PHP because of its simplicity, flexibility, extensive feature set, security, and strong community support. Whether you're building web applications, APIs, or scripts that interact with remote services, Guzzle can streamline your HTTP-related tasks and enhance the overall quality of your projects.


Guzzle is an essential PHP HTTP client for API requests, web scraping, and streamlining requests with custom headers, timeouts, and methods.

Guzzle's Hidden Gems: Beyond the Basics of HTTP Request Handling

In the digital age, where information is at our fingertips, the efficiency of retrieving data from the web has become paramount. To address the challenges posed by data retrieval, web scraping, and crawling have emerged as essential techniques. Let's delve into web scraping and crawling, exploring their benefits, intricacies, and potential pitfalls.

## Navigating the Data Labyrinth

Web scraping involves extracting specific information from websites by parsing the HTML and other relevant data. It allows applications to access up-to-date information from the web without relying on manual input. 

### Benefits of Web Scraping

__Real-time Data__

Web scraping ensures that applications always have access to the latest data without the delay associated with manual updates.

__Automation__

By automating data collection, web scraping saves valuable time and resources that can be allocated to more critical tasks.

__Customization__

Scraping allows you to extract only the necessary data, eliminating the need to sift through irrelevant information.

__Competitive Insights__

Businesses can gain a competitive edge by monitoring competitors' websites for pricing, product details, and other market insights.

__Comprehensive Indexing__

Crawlers explore the entire web, indexing a wide range of content for users to search.

__Timely Updates__

Crawlers revisit websites periodically, ensuring the current indexed content.

__Structured Data__

Crawlers organize information in a structured manner, making it easier for search engines to retrieve relevant results.

### Challenges and Considerations

__Server Load and Rate Limiting__

Frequent crawling can strain website servers, potentially affecting their performance and leading to access restrictions. Websites protect themselves from being overwhelmed by requests by imposing rate limits or blocking IP addresses exhibiting suspicious behavior.

__Legal and Ethical Concerns__

Some websites prohibit scraping through their terms of use. It's crucial to respect the website's policies and not overload its servers with excessive requests.

__Duplicate Content__

Crawlers might inadvertently index the same content, leading to inaccurate search results.

__Data Integrity__

One challenge lies in ensuring the accuracy and integrity of the harvested data. Websites may update their structure or content, leading to data extraction errors. Additionally, ensuring that the scraped data is legally and ethically sourced is of utmost importance.

__Website Structure__

Websites often change their structure, which can break scraping scripts. Regular maintenance is necessary to adapt to such changes. Websites often use dynamic content-loading mechanisms like JavaScript, which can complicate the scraping process. Extracting data from such sources requires more advanced techniques to correctly interpret and capture the information.

### Conclusion

Scraping and crawling web pages are essential methods for optimizing web searches. They allow us to access up-to-date information from the Internet without manual input. However, it is crucial to be aware of the problems and considerations associated with these methods, such as website structure, legal and ethical issues, and data quality. By following best practices, web scraping and crawling can be used to efficiently and effectively extract data from the Internet.


Lexis Solutions explores the significance of web scraping and crawling in the digital age.

Optimizing Web Data Retrieval: Web Scraping and Crawling

## The mountains were calling us

Lexis Solutions has just celebrated its sixth anniversary! We added one more year of hard work, constant laughter, and indulging in office-baked goods a bit more than we should've. So we treated ourselves to an unforgettable getaway in the city of Bansko, among Bulgaria's majestic mountains.

![lexis team 1](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/20Chpf9lKapSlEe177ZYHI/008090b42a1363505694c1e72693a472/368345149_685406642969575_5658398649408658154_n.jpeg)

## Journeying through nature's beauty

The breathtaking landscapes of the Bulgarian mountains set the stage for an unforgettable experience. We started our hike from Vihren Chalet and visited the magnificent lakes around. 

![planina](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/15i8mVhdkGwZBZlafFydKn/b7d0889add2f15689e6f21ecf4c57125/IMG_2202.jpg)

![pirin](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/13a4Tv4TjZ2Spg1te2t6Ag/a2c85e017c51e4af58d8fa444fc57dcb/IMG_2210.jpg)

## The spirit of sportsmanship

Sport has always been a crucial part of Lexis Solutions, so a friendly football match brought out the team's competitive spirit as we kicked up the dust and scored goals.

![football](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/7tdCSN5TdKjbhBi2qs4XII/9756b7d4080fc745cc12befe97fee984/IMG_20230819_100945__1_.jpg)

## The Airsoft challenge

An unexpected highlight was the airsoft battles, where another friendly competition took on a new dimension.

![air force](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/5Rj3dBvEqlFbtZLf6dKFZp/e6c06c804168046d127baacdf8e93c30/IMG_1983.jpg)

![air force 2](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/5vjXsktQpwTLAiw20OU72e/deb9b959b2e4a380596a8fbd780b6112/IMG_1981.jpg)

Between the planned activities, we had fun with various games and enjoyed the spa at the hotel where we were staying. And, of course, the Lexis team did not miss the opportunity to delight in the flavors of our typical cuisine. 

![lexis team 2](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/1OMtzXXB9RNH1V8vdTJlgs/6e8856832011b5b0c7874ec14a2d4706/IMG_2213.jpg)

In the heart of the Bulgarian mountains, Lexis Solutions found more than just an escape; we found a journey of growth, unity, and unforgettable moments. This getaway showcased that a team that plays together grows and succeeds together.


Celebrating 6 incredible years at Lexis Solutions with a mountain retreat in Bulgaria's breathtaking Bansko! 

In the heart of the mountains: A Lexis Solutions getaway


In this article, I will discuss the benefits of using DevOps-as-a-Service (DaaS) over traditional DevOps practices, as seen from our experience at Lexis Solutions. We have had positive and negative experiences when choosing the right cloud infrastructure for our clients, and I will elaborate on that aspect. 

![DevOps Model Diagram White](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/3KYDjKJany5HOEGpsTeLNi/086189db672a520641233250d0e2656c/Screenshot_2023-08-09_at_13.27.53.png)
(source: [AWS](https://aws.amazon.com/devops/what-is-devops/#:~:text=DevOps%20is%20the%20combination%20of,development%20and%20infrastructure%20management%20processes.))

To quote AWS's Model definition directly, it is the combination of practices and tools that increase an organization's ability to deliver applications and services at high velocity: evolving and improving products faster than companies using traditional software development and infrastructure management. This speed enables organizations to serve customers better and compete more effectively in the market.

## DevOps vs. DaaS

In that regard, the traditional DevOps Model applies to mostly in-house infrastructure management. This means hiring and managing a dedicated team, purchasing and setting up servers, and configuring everything from the ground up to meet one's business needs.

On the other side, DaaS is mainly cloud-based, with many possible layers of functionality, abstraction, and "ease of use" focus.

It integrates selected elements of DevOps tools into one comprehensive system to enhance collaboration, monitoring, management, and reporting. This service model contrasts with the in-house toolchain approach, where the DevOps team employs a disjointed set of individual tools.

DaaS is an attractive solution for businesses lacking in-house DevOps knowledge or the financial resources to train employees in these skills. It streamlines the intricate process of managing data and information flows throughout the chain. With this method, various members and teams participating in the process can use user-friendly interfaces to access necessary tools without the need for a complete understanding of the whole toolchain. For instance, using the same DevOps as a Service system, a developer can utilize source code management tools, a tester can access application performance management tools, and the IT operations team can implement changes using more top-level configuration management settings. This setup enables team-wide monitoring and reporting on activities.

Unlike traditional DevOps, DaaS focuses more on the end result and the complete process, from code compilation to production deployment.

## Popular DevOps service providers

### Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Amazon Web Services (AWS) has carved out a substantial space in this domain, building a robust global network for virtually hosting some of the world's most complex IT environments. Key to their suite are AWS CodeBuild, AWS CodePipeline, and AWS CodeDeploy - a trinity of services designed to manage continuous cloud delivery. These services offer accessible solutions that enable a secure, scalable, continuous delivery model in the cloud, making migration to the cloud a worthwhile consideration for many organizations.

Even more, many platforms competing for a slice of this market choose to integrate some AWS tools to offer their own packaged DevOps solutions.

### Google Cloud Platform (GCP)

Google Cloud Platform (GCP) also boasts a global network and an ever-growing list of capabilities. The StackDriver suite of development tools, GCP Deployment Manager, and GCP Cloud Console constitute a robust set of offerings to manage the cloud-based continuous delivery cycle. These tools and the platform's ability to support complete cloud development solutions for various platforms make GCP a strong contender in the DevOps sphere.

### Microsoft Azure

Microsoft's Azure enters the scene with various interoperable tools to manage the cloud environment. As a cloud management platform, Azure offers a complete set of tools such as Azure App Service, Azure DevTest Labs, and Azure Stack. With a long-standing presence in the IT industry, Azure may offer the most seamless transition to hybrid or full cloud environments for organizations already using Microsoft products and services.

### Digital Ocean

Digital Ocean is another platform that we at Lexis Solutions use quite often. They offer a more "lean" approach with configurable and optimized out-of-the-box tools for quick time-to-market needs. Their App Platform is convenient for deploying web services from a GitHub repository while offering scalability and load-balancing solutions. Their ecosystem has grown continuously in the last few years while offering competitive pricing, a combination ideal for start-up caliber projects.

Since July this year, we have also officially partnered with Digital Ocean, which grants our clients [$200 credit for usage](https://m.do.co/c/3bf6bdecf36f).

## Different varieties of DaaS

One thing to note is that DaaS may refer to a broader range of possible services. On the one hand, there are platforms like the ones described in the previous section. On the other - IT teams that offer DevOps services and know-how, including in-house integrations. Teams may even partner with a platform for more complete and flexible solutions. 

As mentioned earlier, we have an established partnership with Digital Ocean at Lexis Solutions and have successfully set up environments for multiple clients there. Although we are not letting ourselves be limited to a single provider. 

For example, there have been client specifications that required us to integrate with specific third-party APIs. The App Platform that Digital Ocean offers makes it relatively easy to deploy production-ready software on  quick notice. The main drawback there, however, is a lack of a static IP address of the environment due to how the continuous delivery is implemented on their side. This limitation meant that the third party's API couldn't whitelist our setup for authorization, so we had to consider other options.

Examples such as these illustrate limitations that some packaged solutions may have, but also how turning to a team might save extra effort and costs by tailoring for the specific case.

## DaaS considerations

The general speed from software implementation to production deployment is the main benefit and potential cost-saving from not relying on an internal DevOps team. This is, of course, of significant importance to emerging businesses and startups. However, one may also encounter challenges later down the road.

First, there might be security risks if the DaaS provider fails to adhere to security protocols. Next to consider is the limited control over one's setup - platforms may encapsulate their services, allowing for partial control only. 

In conclusion, a mixed approach between an automated cloud setup and hiring an IT team for consulting is the best of both worlds. Either part-time or for an extended period, an external team could guide you and help with unforeseen challenges later down the road of your business growth. 


DevOps as a Service is an emerging philosophy that aims to assist application development by further expanding upon automation practices.

The Emergence of DevOps-as-a-Service

Over the past year, here at Lexis Solutions, we have been growing our offerings in the custom data solutions space. Having worked on numerous initiatives, we've expanded into data integrations, data acquisition, data aggregation, and sentiment analysis to achieve our clients' diverse needs. In this article, we’ll look at one of the core data services we provide - data enrichment.

## What is Data Enrichment?

Data enrichment refers to enhancing existing data by adding valuable and relevant information. The goal is to enrich the data, making it more comprehensive, accurate, and actionable.

Data enrichment involves various techniques and methodologies, such as appending missing information, standardizing data formats, validating data accuracy, and integrating multiple data sources. This process results in a more complete and valuable dataset that can deliver significant insights.

Data enrichment involves augmenting existing data with additional information from external sources. This includes demographic details, geographic information, firmographics, social media data, purchasing behavior patterns, etc. By adding these extra dimensions to the data, businesses gain a more comprehensive understanding of their customers, allowing them to tailor their strategies, improve customer experiences, and drive growth.

For example, a retail company may enrich customer data by integrating social media. By analyzing customers' social media activity, the company can gain insights into their interests, preferences, and influencers they follow. This information can then be used to create personalized marketing campaigns, recommend products that align with customers' interests, and build stronger relationships.

Data enrichment is not limited to customer data. A manufacturing company may enrich its product data by appending detailed specifications, images, and customer reviews. This enriched product data can be used to improve inventory management, optimize pricing strategies, and enhance the customer experience.

## The Importance of Data Enrichment in Today's Business Landscape

In the digital age, businesses are generating vast amounts of data. However, more than raw data is needed to extract meaningful insights. With proper enrichment, companies can make decisions based on complete or updated information, hindering their growth potential.

Data enrichment plays a crucial role in ensuring data quality. By cleansing and enriching data, businesses can minimize inaccuracies and inconsistencies arising from human errors, data entry mistakes, or outdated information. Clean and reliable data is the foundation for practical analysis and decision-making.

Furthermore, data enrichment enables businesses to unlock the true power of business intelligence. Companies can gain deeper insights into market trends, customer preferences, and emerging opportunities by integrating external data sources and enriching internal datasets. This valuable intelligence can drive marketing strategies, optimize operations, and foster innovation.

Moreover, data enrichment facilitates better decision-making. Enriched data provides a holistic view of customers, allowing businesses to personalize their offerings, anticipate customer needs, and provide tailored experiences. This level of understanding empowers organizations to make data-driven decisions that boost customer satisfaction, enhance their competitive edge, and drive revenue growth.

Data enrichment is an ongoing process. As new data becomes available and business needs evolve, organizations must enrich their datasets to stay ahead of the competition continuously. By investing in data enrichment, businesses can unlock the full potential of their data and gain a competitive advantage in today's data-driven business landscape.

## Data Enrichment Services Use Cases

### Enhancing Data Quality

Data enrichment services are instrumental in enhancing data quality. Data cleaning processes rectify duplicate entries, inaccurate information, and inconsistencies. By standardizing data formats and validating data accuracy, businesses can ensure their data is reliable and consistent, enabling more accurate analysis and decision-making.

Retail companies collect customer data through various channels, including online purchases, in-store transactions, and loyalty programs. With data enrichment services, this company may end up with multiple entries for the customer, making it easier to analyze behavior. The company can identify duplicate entries by utilizing data enrichment services and creating a comprehensive profile for each customer. This improves data quality and provides a holistic view of customer interactions and preferences.

In addition to eliminating duplicate entries, data enrichment services can rectify inaccurate information. For instance, if a customer's address is misspelled or incomplete, data enrichment services can validate and correct the address based on reliable sources, such as postal databases. This ensures the company has accurate and up-to-date customer information, crucial for effective communication and personalized marketing efforts.

### Boosting Business Intelligence

Data enrichment services play a crucial role in boosting business intelligence capabilities. Businesses can enrich their internal data by integrating external data sources, such as market research reports, social media insights, and public databases, creating a comprehensive view of their industry, target market, and customers.

Imagine a technology company that wants to launch a new product in a specific market segment. The company can better analyze market research reports, industry trends, and competitor data by leveraging data enrichment services to understand the target market's needs and preferences. This enriched intelligence allows the company to tailor its product features, pricing, and marketing strategies to align with the market's demands, increasing the chances of success.

In addition to external data sources, data enrichment services can leverage social media insights to provide valuable information about customer sentiment, preferences, and behavior. By analyzing social media conversations and trends, businesses can identify emerging opportunities, monitor brand reputation, and engage with customers in a more targeted and personalized manner.

### Facilitating Better Decision Making

Data enrichment services facilitate better decision-making by giving businesses a deeper understanding of their customers and target market. With enriched data, companies can segment customers more effectively, identify their unique needs, and develop personalized marketing strategies.

Let's consider an e-commerce company that sells a wide range of products. The company can analyze customer purchase history, browsing behavior, and demographic information by utilizing data enrichment services to create customer segments based on preferences and interests. This segmentation allows the company to tailor its product recommendations, promotional offers, and marketing campaigns to each customer segment, resulting in higher customer satisfaction and conversion rates.

Furthermore, data enrichment services enable businesses to track and analyze customer interactions across multiple touchpoints, such as website visits, email communications, and social media engagements. This comprehensive view of customer interactions helps businesses identify patterns, preferences, and pain points, allowing them to make data-driven decisions that align with customer expectations and drive business growth.

## Key Components of Data Enrichment Services

### Data Cleaning

Data cleaning is a fundamental feature of data enrichment services. It involves identifying and rectifying errors, inconsistencies, and inaccuracies within datasets. Businesses can improve data quality and reliability by removing duplicate entries, standardizing data formats, and validating data accuracy.

### Data Integration

Data integration is another essential aspect of data enrichment services. It involves consolidating data from multiple internal and external sources to create a comprehensive, unified dataset. By integrating data silos, businesses can gain a holistic view of their operations, customers, and market, facilitating more accurate analysis and decision-making.

### Data Validation

Data validation is an integral part of data enrichment services. It involves verifying the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of data. By running validation checks, businesses can ensure that their data is reliable and error-free, enabling confident decision-making based on accurate information.

## Choosing the Right Data Enrichment Service Provider

When selecting a data enrichment service provider, several factors should be considered. 

Firstly, consider the provider's experience and expertise in data enrichment. Look for a provider that offers a wide range of enrichment techniques and has a proven track record of delivering high-quality results. Some good places to check for reputation are [Clutch](https://clutch.co/profile/lexis-solutions) and [LinkedIn](https://www.linkedin.com/company/lexis-solutions).

Secondly, consider the provider's data sources and data coverage. Ensure that the service provider has access to diverse and reliable data sources covering various aspects relevant to your business. It’s best if the provider has partnerships with data acquisition platforms to give you guidance and discounts on your usage, such as our partnership with [Apify](https://www.apify.com/?fpr=zia2s).

Thirdly, consider the scalability and flexibility of the provider's solutions. As your business grows, your data needs may evolve. Choose a provider that can accommodate changing data requirements and scale their services accordingly. Usually, small companies can offer greater flexibility and better pricing.

In conclusion, data enrichment services hold immense potential for businesses looking to unlock the power of their data. By understanding the concept of data enrichment, exploring its importance in today's business landscape, and recognizing its key features and benefits, businesses can make informed decisions to leverage data enrichment services effectively. By choosing the right data enrichment service provider and learning from success stories through case studies, companies can harness the power of data enrichment to drive growth, enhance customer experiences, and stay ahead in today's competitive business environment.


Diving into data enrichment as a service, why it’s important, and how it drives business growth by unlocking the full potential of their data.

Data Enrichment Services for B2B: Maximizing the Value of Your Data

Imagine having a brilliant business idea bubbling with potential, just waiting to become a reality. But there's a catch: you need a developer to make it happen. The problem is the world is brimming with freelancers and development companies, all claiming to be the key to your dreams.  

When it comes to outsourcing, the path ahead can be murky. Hiring a freelancer is a different ballgame than enlisting a software development agency. An agency boasts a powerhouse team of specialized experts with unique skill sets. On the other hand, a freelancer may offer cost savings and flexibility. So, what path should you take when faced with the dilemma of freelancer vs. [software development agency](https://www.lexis.solutions/services/react-native-development)? Your decision today holds the power to shape the future success of your project.

Sorting through these choices can feel overwhelming. But fear not! Let's embark on another of Lexis Solutions' journeys to demystify the selection process.

The agency vs. freelancer quandary may appear deceptively simple, yet its implications must be balanced. Making the correct choice between an agency and a freelancer can transform your final product, for better or worse. So, let's dive headfirst and explore the ideal fit for your project.

## Embrace the freedom

When it comes to freelance developers, they operate in a world of boundless possibilities, offering not just one but three unique modes of engagement. Picture this: they can sign temporary contracts, take freelance gigs, or work remotely full-time. However, like any endeavor, there are risks to be mindful of when collaborating with freelancers, particularly as they juggle multiple projects simultaneously.

### Cost efficiency

The allure of freelance development lies in its ability to provide exceptional value for your investment. Freelancers, armed with nothing more than a trusty computer and an endless supply of caffeine, keep their expenses low and, as a result, offer rates significantly lower than those of software agencies. But remember, cost efficiency doesn't necessarily mean your entire project will come at a reduced price when you hire a freelancer.

### Revel in unparalleled flexibility

Many freelancers embrace working beyond traditional hours and remain responsive to communication. Liberated from the constraints of others' schedules, they can often work with unmatched adaptability, leading to quicker project delivery.

### Harness specialization

Freelancers are masters of their craft, honing their expertise in specific domains. Before bringing a freelancer on board, it's essential to carefully examine their portfolio to understand their specialized skill set. While some freelancers may tout themselves as Jacks-of-all-trades, we all know that true mastery lies in specialization. You can unlock remarkable results by aligning your unique talents with your project's requirements.

### The bad points

While the realm of freelance developers offers enticing advantages, it's crucial to be aware of the potential drawbacks that lurk beneath the surface. Let's shed light on the cons associated with working with freelancers:

### Questionable work quality 

Not all freelancers prioritize the quality of their deliverables. Generic platforms like Upwork need more rigorous vetting processes for their listed freelancers. This means you may encounter individuals solely driven by quick cash, rushing through projects without paying attention to the level of craftsmanship. For such freelancers, reputational risks hold little importance, as they can easily create new accounts or work anonymously.
Heightened risks

Freelancers present inherent risks due to their solitary nature. Even if your chosen freelance developer is highly reliable, unforeseen circumstances can disrupt your project. Without a contingency plan, your project may come to a screeching halt. It's essential to consider the potential consequences and have measures to mitigate those risks.

### Organizational challenges

Working with freelancers can introduce complexities as they juggle multiple clients simultaneously. This increased workload can lead to errors and delays in your product's development. It's crucial to clearly understand your freelancer's capabilities and establish realistic deadlines to minimize the chances of misunderstandings or poor outcomes.

### Vanishing acts

All terms and conditions have been meticulously defined, payments have been made, and the project is ready to take off. Suddenly, your chosen developer disappears into thin air. It may sound like a nightmare, but it's a scenario that can occur if you engage with unreliable freelance platforms or individual contractors lacking the proper means to ensure timely and consistent delivery.

## The triumphs of an agency

A successful outsourcing business typically has a diverse team of experts, including web/mobile app developers, testers, product managers, content creators, designers, analysts, and more. When you hire a development agency, you gain access to a professional support system that can handle all your work efficiently. Their reliability and accountability ensure adherence to work processes and procedures while prioritizing security.
Seamless teamwork

An agency is a pre-established team that has spent years refining its development strategies. While freelancers may not guarantee cooperation, agency employees work together seamlessly daily, fostering unparalleled teamwork and collaboration. Their familiarity with each other's strengths, weaknesses, and work habits enables them to navigate significant challenges effortlessly. No matter how many freelancers you hire, they won't match the level of cooperation an agency guarantees.

### Extensive expertise

The primary reason agencies cover more ground is their larger workforce. Even the most talented individual can only possess limited knowledge, making an agency more valuable when your project requires diverse areas of expertise. Each employee can specialize in a specific development phase, eliminating the need to search for additional resources. Furthermore, agencies can provide long-term benefits like maintenance, marketing, feature enhancements, and other valuable services by overseeing your product from start to finish.

### Superior quality

Freelancers generally produce high-quality work, but agencies often adhere to even more rigorous quality standards. While freelancers may complete a project without consideration, agencies employ strict review and QA processes. Additionally, freelancers usually need more resources available to agencies for thorough testing. How many independent freelancers have multiple phones for testing purposes?

### Ongoing maintenance & support

Reputable agencies prioritize building long-term customer relationships and upselling additional services. As a result, they are always ready to offer maintenance services, bug fixes, functionality modifications, and other refinements to the products they create or maintain.

### Accurate development estimation

Since most vendors charge hourly, knowing the time required to implement specific functionality by hiring a top software development company can eliminate concerns about unpredictable expenses is crucial. They usually have a well-defined project estimation process, accurately determining the development time required for each feature. And hiring a software development company is an excellent choice for startups and large corporations seeking unique skills, specific timelines, and a reliable contractor committed to project completion.

## Unveiling potential pitfalls

### Beware of hidden costs

When outsourcing software development, be mindful of potential hidden costs. Read the contract the software development company offers. Pay attention to any fine print that may reveal unexpected expenses.

Furthermore, remember that cheaper sometimes doesn’t mean better, especially for complex projects like software development. Opting for offshore developers with lower hourly rates may seem enticing initially, but it could result in higher costs in the long run. Conversely, although some developers may appear expensive initially, they may complete the project more efficiently, ultimately reducing the total cost.

### Increased security and business risks

While reputable software development companies pose minimal risks, hiring the wrong talent can complicate matters. Since software often collects users' data, mishandling or data breaches can have severe consequences. Consider the case of Meta, which was fined $276 million for a data leak impacting millions of Facebook users. Such incidents can be catastrophic for startups and small to medium businesses operating on limited budgets. Additionally, developers are at risk of mishandling sensitive information or intellectual property related to your project.

### Quality control challenges

Failure to properly vet software development companies can lead to partnering with organizations driven primarily by profits rather than a commitment to quality. Conduct thorough due diligence to mitigate this risk by reviewing companies' portfolios and customer feedback.

### Potential for non-delivery

There is always a possibility that the software development company you hire may fail to deliver as promised. They may disappear after collecting upfront costs, struggle to meet your requirements or expectations, provide a flawed product, or become unresponsive. Signing a contract and carefully reviewing its terms beforehand is crucial to protect yourself. Choosing a software development company in a country with a reliable justice system can provide legal recourse if you encounter exploitation.

### Language barriers and cultural differences

Hiring software developers fluent in English and capable of seamless verbal and written communication is advisable. This minimizes the risk of miscommunication and misunderstandings that could negatively impact your working relationship and project outcomes. Additionally, your developers' location in a different time zone may affect decision-making speed and issue resolution. Consider nearshore or onshore developers if this is a concern. Furthermore, be mindful of cultural and political disparities that could hinder effective communication and software development progress, such as cultural differences in values, opinions, and holidays.

## The end of the debate

When hiring a freelancer or a software development agency for your project, opting for a software development agency is a compelling choice. The numerous advantages agencies offer, such as seamless teamwork, extensive expertise, superior quality, long-term maintenance and support, and accurate development estimation, make them a preferred option for many businesses.

But remember, ultimately, the ideal choice depends on your project's requirements, budget, timeline, and risk tolerance. Careful evaluation of the pros and cons, thorough vetting of potential candidates, and clear communication of expectations are essential for making an informed decision that aligns with your project's goals.


Will you tread the freelancer's path of freedom or join forces with the agency's expertise to bring your vision to life?

Decoding the Dilemma: Freelancer or Software Development Agency?

Lexis Solutions has already opened the treasure of [resources](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/free-resources-for-resourceful-UI-designers), [tools](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/powerful-and-free-tools-for-content-creation), and [extensions](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/7-google-chrome-extensions-for-higher-productivity) designed to streamline your workflow and make it easier to get the job done in a flash. However, today we're going to dive deeper and take a closer look at all of the mentioned, specifically focusing on those created through artificial intelligence technology.

In the first chapter of this article, we will explore instruments for crafting videos, writing, and images.

## Video creation

### Make-a-Video

[Make-a-Video](https://makeavideo.studio/) by Meta is an AI system that enables you to create videos by simply typing in text. The videos are automatically generated based on your input, ready to be shared online or downloaded. This exciting AI video generator is not yet available to the public, but it's poised to be a game-changer for content creators shortly.

### Face Swap

Bring your photos to life with [Face Swap](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/reface-face-swap-videos/id1488782587), a mobile app that lets you swap faces with friends and celebrities or insert your face into pre-made videos. Using face swap technology, you can use your camera to change looks in real-time. The app also offers a range of filters, GIFs, and funny videos.

### Nova A.I.

Say hello to effortless video organization with [Nova A.I.](https://wearenova.ai/) This powerful tool uses AI to recognize and tag different elements in your videos, including faces, expressions, objects, activities, and celebrities. 

### Runway

Gone are the days of tedious and time-consuming video editing. With [Runway](https://runwayml.com/), editing and enhancing your videos is a breeze; no technical skills or expensive software is required. Remove backgrounds, paint out objects, add subtitles, and more with ease. 

### Synthesia

[Synthesia](https://www.synthesia.io/) is paving the way in AI video generation, offering a user-friendly platform where you can create videos featuring human presenters by simply typing in your text. With a selection of 65+ AI avatars, each based on real actors, you can have your words spoken in 60+ languages. 

### Unscreen

Say goodbye to manual pixel picking and color selection with [Unscreen](https://www.unscreen.com/), the AI-powered solution for removing backgrounds from your videos. Its advanced AI technology detects even the most minor details, resulting in super accurate results. 

## Images 

### DALL-E

[DALL-E 2](https://openai.com/dall-e-2/), the AI-powered image generator by OpenAI, definitely casts a spell on the art world. An astronaut launching his first startup? A frog writing an article for its blog? Write down your wildest dream and watch it come to life before your eyes! DALL-E 2 makes it all possible with just a touch of magic and a text dash.

### Artbreeder

[Artbreeder](https://www.artbreeder.com/) offers a double dose of creativity with "Collager" and "Splicer." Draw simple shapes and describe your vision with "Collager," or blend and edit images with "Splicer." Upload up to 3 images for free, though keep in mind that original processing images may take up to an hour.

### Stable Diffusion

[Stable Diffusion](https://huggingface.co/spaces/stabilityai/stable-diffusion) also follows in DALL-E 2's footsteps, turning text descriptions into stunning images and modifying existing ones quickly. Just bring your imagination and let the words flow! Give it a try for free; no credit card is required.

### This beach does not exist

Take a swim in the ocean today! Dive into the unknown with A[I-generated beaches](https://thisbeachdoesnotexist.com/) that tantalize the imagination! This cutting-edge model was trained with over 20,000 images of natural beaches, crafting brand-new, fantastical scenes with each creation. So why not pack your virtual bags and explore some of the most breathtaking beaches that never were? 

### Fotor

[Fotor](https://www.fotor.com/features/ai-image-generator/), a globally renowned online photo editor boasting millions of users, has made a splash with its latest AI-powered image generator. The possibilities are endless, from photorealistic faces to dynamic anime characters, dreamy paintings, and digital art of any style.

And the best part? It's completely free! 

### The Next Rembrandt

[The Next Rembrandt](https://www.nextrembrandt.com/) brings the Dutch master's brush strokes back to life. By merging cutting-edge 3D printing and artificial intelligence, this project creates a new painting so similar to Rembrandt's original style that it has been plucked right out of history. This endeavor aims to demonstrate how artificial intelligence can be a tool for artistic expression and how technology could recreate history. 

## Writing

### [ChatGPT](https://www.lexis.solutions/blog/chatgpt-the-new-content-creator-or-ultimate-cheating-tool)

Who has yet to hear about [ChatGPT](https://chat.openai.com/chat), the talkative AI companion created by OpenAI? This cutting-edge chatbot burst onto the scene in November 2022 and has been making waves ever since. There are even entire companies that specialize in prompt engineering like [Promptly Engineering](https://promptly.engineering). Its user-friendly interface functions just like any other chatbot, ready to answer all your questions with a simple prompt. And it is entirely free to use!

### Shortly

Are you stuck in a writing rut? Don't let the blank page get the best of you. Introducing [Shortly](https://www.shortlyai.com/) - the writing companion powered by GPT-3. Its cutting-edge technology not only completes your writing but can also help you refine, condense or expand your sentences with ease. Say goodbye to writer's block and hello to endless creative flow.

### Copy.ai

Marketers, rejoice! Whether you're crafting emails, product descriptions, Instagram captions, button copy, or ads, [Copy.ai](https://www.copy.ai/tools) has covered you. Select your desired copy type, input some data, and select the tone that best fits your brand. In a matter of seconds, the AI will produce several copy variations for you to choose from.

### Rytr

[Rytr](https://rytr.me/?via=renaissancerachel)'s AI algorithms are sharp and well-versed, honed by historical data to craft unique and engaging articles with a perfect sense of tone and grammar. No matter the topic or niche, Rytr has you covered. Whether you're writing about sports, business, technology, or even crafting a blog post or review, Rytr has the expertise to make it happen.

### Surfer

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AI's Toolbox: The Instruments Driving Innovation - Part One

As a QA, I've had multiple chances to understand that efficient testing is essential for ensuring the quality of a [product](https://www.lexis.solutions/services/react-native-development). The developer console is one tool that can help us maximize our working rate success, but it is somewhat neglected. In this article, I want to explore and present my opinion on how QA testers can leverage the developer console to boost the efficiency of their testing processes and deliver higher-quality products.

## What is the developer console?

The developer console is a built-in tool in web browsers that allows developers to test and debug their code. It also provides a lot of additional information about the respective website, including JavaScript errors, network requests, and general performance details. And while developers tend to use the console primarily for debugging and optimization, QA testers can also take advantage of it to improve their testing processes.

## How can QA testers use the developer console?

There are various utilizations of the developer console, so let's focus on the most beneficial ones to a tester. For starters, open the dev console by pressing F12 or fn + F12 for Mac.

## Identifying and reporting errors from the Console tab

Once the developer console is opened, to review the occurring errors (if there are any) - simply select the Console tab by pressing Console from the navigation bar at the top. 

The console tab is where errors and warnings are logged in real-time, and it is convenient to keep it open and scan it occasionally for issues with the JavaScript running on the page. Doing so allows the QAs to identify problematic code and analyze the source of the problem or, at the very least - report it properly. It costs nothing to have a console opened; however, it helps testers greatly in identifying hidden issues that may be causing problems with the functionality of a web page or application.

The console tab acts as a JavaScript playground as well. It can accept JavaScript expressions, much like a terminal would, and will execute them against the context of the current page. Even though it's a slightly more advanced usage, you will surely learn to appreciate it as you go down the 'automation' road.

![QA-1](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/6UjN3lcVW5nodDOEsi0NjB/e9207ae5f827a01693e18496d8c55627/1.png)

## Inspecting the HTML DOM from the Elements tab

The HTML DOM is a text file that represents a webpage. Browsers read, parse, and follow the instructions inside it to 'paint' the webpage so we can view it. Whenever you see a bug in a website, you are most likely catching a bug inside the DOM document. That's why QAs must learn basic HTML and how to navigate it. Luckily for us all, the developer console has a built-in inspector that can be accessed from the Elements tab.

The primary use case for opening the Elements tab is inspecting an element. One can do that via a right-click on the element in question and selection of the Inspect option or by utilizing the shortcut ctrl/command + shift + C and then clicking on the element.

![QA-2](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/4ZJBEJSd87Nc0dGAn19GHv/fc22fefc846a1e46e78912e6d1fdaca0/2.png)

Selecting an element will update the context menu that, by default, displays the styles associated with the active element. Here you can modify the CSS and add, remove, or update its values and properties. This way, you could try out a few approaches and figure out how to fix an issue yourself. It's good to note, however, that once you refresh the page - all HTML and CSS changes you made will be lost. Thus, you still need to report the issue and have it fixed by a developer.

![QA-3](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/NEI4NxMZH8YZheqN4UKW7/7cf0ea05a885644f2c2d629b35f68dbe/3.png)

__The QA work you can perform by utilizing the Elements tab and its Styles subtab includes:__

### Verifying CSS property values

By inspecting elements in the console, you can quickly verify that the correct CSS properties are being applied to different elements on the page. This can be useful for ensuring consistency (font size, font family, color, etc.) across the site and troubleshooting issues with specific styles.

### Troubleshooting layout issues

Inspecting elements in the console can help identify the source of layout issues, such as misaligned or overlapping elements. By identifying the problematic element and inspecting its CSS properties, you can often find a quick solution to the issue.

## Monitoring network requests in the Network tab

[The network tab](https://www.devgem.io/posts/how-to-make-google-chrome-javascript-console-persistent) logs the request that the browser executes to load a webpage. This includes the fetch of the HTM and any styles, scripts, images, fonts, etc. The logs are also used for determining performance bottlenecks and network errors.

![QA-4](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/1Kr6zfx2TYDbqFMP7Rdi3H/260105079b94b3af98498f40d8c91a11/4.png)

*__Some concrete examples include:__*

### Optimizing page load times

By monitoring network requests, we can determine which resources are taking the longest to load and take respective measures. This can include reducing file sizes, caching resources, and prioritizing critical resources.

### Testing APIs 

APIs are an essential part of many modern web applications, and monitoring network requests can help ensure that the API is working as expected. By examining the request, we can verify that the API is returning the correct data in the desired format and identify any issues with the API endpoint or response.

### Observing failed requests

The Network tab allows for reviewing failed requests as well. When a network request fails, it will get a red color error in the Status column, which indicates that the request was unsuccessful. Failed requests can be then clicked and inspected for more information about the error, including the error message and any associated error codes or details.

## Inspecting standards of performance through the Performance tab

Performance is a critical factor for improving the user experience. By analyzing key metrics in the Performance tab, we can identify areas of the application that are slow or resource-intensive. Here are two use cases of how we put the dev console into practice here:

### Testing performance under different network conditions

4G and 5G networks are amazing. They can and often do provide faster speeds than the cable internet we have at home. This allows developers to build bulkier and ever more demanding websites that look and feel great. Best-case scenario aside, the same sites fail miserably under slow connection speeds, which are still predominant in the world. The developer console allows you to match your internet speed with the slower 3G speed standards or cap it with a custom value of your own. Now, you can experience the product you are testing as it would be felt by the broader user base and, perhaps, report load-time issues.

__*The dev console will show you the total load time and the amount of data transferred:*__

![5](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/1Uf7JIDNzCljgSif6cB5p5/fb523dfafa4402e3f56519c540b90bd3/5.png)

__*You can use these stats in your reports and set a reasonable threshold for the developers to aim at.*__

![QA-6](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/6H03r4qdcvL7Iv8prtQYXD/2377dbcb475a5b75d3730bcef08ce44c/6.png)

### Compare performance to industry standards

We can use the performance metrics in the dev console to set the standards of our application's performance against industry standards. For example, we can compare our application's load time against Google's or Microsoft's recommended standards for web performance or use competitors to set the bar around the industry level. This approach can help us identify areas where our application falls short and take steps to improve its performance.

## Device simulation

The Console offers a range of pre-made mobile and tablet devices, enabling developers and us testers to examine a website's responsiveness across different devices and screen sizes.

*__And here are two everyday use cases we can observe:__*

### Testing responsive design

With the device simulation feature, we can test how our web application looks and behaves on different screen sizes and resolutions, as well as on other mobile devices. This can help us ensure that our application's layout and user interface are responsive and optimized for various devices and screen sizes. 

1. By clicking on the "Toggle device toolbar" (top left of the dev console, right of the Select and inspect element button), we go into Responsive mode, where we can simulate different resolutions of various devices. Because we can drag the borders of the responsive screen, we can also test the resolution breakpoints at which the design shift to phone/tablet/desktop mode.

![QA-7](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/1GOO5OByTCLWiiSuwmnkBX/d8879a4238faf776ea757aa6afc456dc/7.png)

2. We're to mention the reasonable dimensions for basic devices. In that case, they're as follows: for a phone, it can be 360 x 640 pixels, 768 x 1024 pixels for a tablet, and for a monitor, it can be 1920 x 1080 pixels, all of which are common measurements for the respective devices.

3. ![QA-8](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/5sncNrtGThxlxHhZ0PzB4M/d1a42ffd810ce47f385fc00926bcd01d/8.png)

4. We can take as an example a 4K monitor edge case: It's usual for websites to appear too narrow and zoomed out on greater resolutions. This might be a good test that increases user satisfaction, depending on the product you are testing. 

### Simulation

Device simulation can also help us identify issues. There are several devices to choose from to simulate, including adding other devices that can be selected from a list. Touchpad and mouse cursor are both options to choose from as well.

![QA-9](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/7xuTMCPbmBDeepN7yojQFC/294f993b3e6d4dd79bf40ea6f9ba01fb/9.png)

Pixel ratio in the developer console is a way to understand how many pixels are used to display a single pixel on a screen. It helps developers create websites that look sharp and clear on devices with different pixel densities by adjusting the design accordingly. In the dev console's device simulation mode, you can simulate other devices and adjust their pixel ratios. To adapt your desired pixel ratio, click on the "Toggle device toolbar" icon in the top-left corner of the dev console, then choose a device to simulate from the dropdown menu. Once you've selected a device, you can adjust its pixel ratio by entering a new value in the value fields to auto-zoom the window. You can also use the Responsive mode to resize your window through mouse dragging.

By simulating different devices, we can test how our application looks and behaves across different platforms and identify any layout or functionality issues that may be specific to certain browsers or devices. This can help us ensure that our application is compatible with a wide range of devices and browsers and provide a consistent user experience for all users.

## Application tab

The dev console's Application tab provides us with various tools to manage a website's application data, such as cookies, local storage, and cache. QA testers can use it to verify that the website functions as expected and that sensitive user data is protected. Here are two examples of how it is integrated into our testing process:

### Debugging and managing cookies

The Application tab allows you to manage and debug cookies, which websites use to store data like authentication details, preferences, and shopping cart contents. You can view, edit, delete, and block cookies from specific websites, as well as simulate cookie behavior for testing purposes. This can be useful for ensuring that cookies are being set and read correctly and for troubleshooting issues related to user data and preferences.

### Analyzing and managing cache

The Application tab also provides tools for managing and analyzing the cache of a website, including the ability to clear cache storage for specific websites or all websites. This can be useful for testing website performance under different cache scenarios, as well as troubleshooting issues related to outdated or cached content. Additionally, the Application tab allows you to manage and analyze other forms of storage used by websites, such as local storage.

The Local storage is a key-value storage that persists data even after we close the browser or shut down our device. Even though the data there will not be deleted automatically, it is limited in size (5MB). It's not considered best practice to use it; however, it has some practical usage, like setting the site's theme to dark, for example.

The Session storage is another key-value storage that keeps data only for the individual session, or in other words, for as long as we don't close or navigate away from the respective page. For example, after entering a webpage and choosing a specific language different from the default one, once we reload or navigate away from the page and go back again, the default language will be restored.

![QA-10](//images.ctfassets.net/5gydaotbo8jm/1pqlmg0jp8JOiwgbPes1yj/7b0a5c551778fb6ff2d1ad8dd16229c3/10.png)

## Conclusion

As a QA tester, I can confirm the overall usefulness of the developer console, especially in my transition from a manual QA into an automated QA, as the need for its utilization becomes more and more crucial for my work. It is a powerful tool that improves the testing processes and delivers more reliable and concrete results to the developers, which leads to higher-quality products as a result.

By using the console to debug errors, inspect elements, monitor network requests, analyze performance metrics, and manipulate data in general, you can count on a reliable partner for optimizing the application in terms of performance and usability. And, of course, with practice and experience, you can become proficient in using the developer console, improving your efficiency and effectiveness as a QA tester.

How QA testers can utilize the developer console to its full potential and integrate it into the testing process.

Maximizing QA Testing Efficiency with The Developer Console

## Intro

There is a point to be made for and against investing four years of your youth in a bachelor's degree. On the one hand, the first team lead I had not completed my bachelor's and was as solid as a developer could be. On the other hand, most of the developers I know and respect have graduated from university. There are success stories both ways, and none is universal. That said, let's explore the pros and cons of each.

## The well-trodden path

### Pros

### Networking

The most significant assets university has given me are friends and contacts. Four years of sharing, trusting, forming teams, and tackling projects together plant the seeds for lifetime friendships and dozens of acquaintances. It is a logical by product of an environment of peers with a common goal - graduation. 

### Entry exams & Environment

We all know the phrase, "Show me your friends, and I'll show you your future." It is a universal truth, and we inevitably become who we hang out with. And that is why entry exams matter. They serve as a filter for the vigorous of minds - those people you want as friends and healthy rivals.

The entry exams for the IT disciplines hold newcomers to high standards due to the great interest and limited capacity. This allows universities to select among the brightest individuals, and you are not guaranteed the same in paid offline courses.

### Expectations management

University students may need to recognize this; however, we are gradually submerged in the industry and only experience minor shocks on our first job. We have time and opportunities to ask the questions on our minds as friends and teachers have the answers. On top of that, companies actively seek university interns and visit us annually on campus for career days. We get to talk with the industry early on and know what they value in junior candidates.

### The CV

The odds are in your favor if you have gone through formal education. The diploma looks promising and proves that you have kept a consistent direction for the last few years and are now ready to contribute to the industry. It's clear and expected that you would need assistance; however, there is some reassurance that you've laid the groundwork and got the basics.

### Cons

### Time vs. Knowledge

A bachelor's in IT consists of eight semesters and a final exam. If everything goes smoothly, you can pass all that in four years - a significant time & energy investment that may only sometimes be worth it. My assessment is that:

- A third of my bachelor's was a wasted potential as the lessons served my future career poorly. Most such classes were a cure for insomnia, and a minority introduced their students to uni-dimensional professors that wanted to hear you recite back whatever they had told during class. 
Teacher selection is one of the university's downfalls. Universities employ based on academic prowess and overlook the ability to teach and convey ideas, which should be the primary factor, as far as I am concerned.
- A third was fine - you could get a comparable amount of knowledge and skills by self-learning or attending courses. Such disciplines are somewhat senseless as they can serve as a tempo mechanism for cooling your head down and allowing you to occupy yourself with other interests.
- A third was spot-on - there's nothing like hearing straight from the horse's mouth. Occasionally, there are powerhouses of expertise in universities that want to give back and have cultivated the ability to pass on knowledge. Enquire about who those people are and what they teach. Make your time in university count by enrolling in their classes and reaping the benefits.

To summarize, about a third of the time I have spent in university was competitive. It's not only the time wasted but also the opportunity cost, and it is up to you to determine whether you can put your time to use better. Exclude the summers, and this gets you a year's worth of knowledge stretched over four years.

I was, and remain still, highly skeptical about the utility of university education regarding field mastery and comprehension. It's my experience that you can do more outside the classroom.

### Cost-benefit analysis

Higher education in Bulgaria is not expensive; however, relocating and living in the capital city is. That's where the most prominent universities and IT companies reside, and it's a natural gathering point for aspiring computer scientists. 

It's easy to justify the go-to-Sofia decision, but it's costly, and you better make it worth it. There's the risk of dropping out due to a lack of discipline or encountering a professor renowned for failing most students. I would say you have a 30+% chance of not graduating, which you must consider when weighing the cons of formal education.

With a bachelor's, you get a diploma if you run the whole marathon. This lies in contrast to standalone courses you can complete cheaply and neatly attach to your resume. There are no participation trophies, so you will only get a CV boost if you cross the finish line.

### Slow pace

No certification authority is tailored just for you. They all target a broad audience and aim to make their product easy sale. Universities are no exception, so you can expect the pacing of most subjects to be beginner-friendly, even leisurely, at times. This should be a red flag for you.

A slow pace is a bad company if you want to achieve excellence. The IT world is dynamic; you must learn adaptivity from the get-go. There is no excuse for falling into the comfort zone and performing at the bare minimum. You will become mediocre at best, far from a desirable start to your 20s.

Take a good look around whenever you find yourself in such a situation. Some of your colleagues will be occupying themselves with activities that propel them forward. Try joining in or picking up a genuinely exciting side project of yours.

### Sense of security

It's becoming more and more the case that the industry hires people without formal education. It may be that offline academies and online courses prepare competent-enough candidates or that the industry is expanding faster than the graduation rate. Either way, think only a little of yourself and a little of them, as it all comes down to practical knowledge and not university attendance.

Companies search for employees that will require minimal (acceptable) training. Your university degree serves as an assurance through the CV sieving process but, at the same time, can raise the interviewer's expectations. Avoid the comforting thoughts that everything will be OK since you are a university student. The ball is in your court to prove that you are worthy.

## The self-made programmer

### Pros

### Any time, any place

The university is generally viable for a brief period. It's tough to attend university later in life, and it's impossible to do it ahead of time. This means those seeking knowledge can only sometimes gain it the traditional way. You shouldn't worry if you are such a person, as the Internet provides the tools and resources needed to start your IT journey. You can study at your own pace, at home, and after work. You are free to organize the learning process in a way that suits you and your circumstances. It's going to take a lot of work; however, you try out different approaches and discover what's best for you.

### Steeper but cheaper

Learning nowadays does not require you to be wealthy. Of course, paid resources created by thoughtful people can catalyze the process, yet most of them can be bought at discounts and are affordable either way. If you need more than that, Youtube and StackOverflow will bring you up for free.

### Master it faster

University students are expected to mature in four years as they are gradually immersed in more advanced and diverse subjects. They won't make use of all this information on their first job… You could plunge into the depths, endure the pressure for a year, and emerge as an entry-level candidate that can rival those graduates. Even if you take two years for your studies, you are still a couple of years ahead of formal education. Imagine the number of courses you can carefully select, tackle, conquer, and then list on your CV during that time. They say time is priceless, so use the extra time you get and land a job that will let you plant your roots in the IT world before the competition graduates.

### Transition to ambition 

Nobody said you have to start as a developer. The IT industry is expanding at a rate that produces alternative occupations at an astonishing rate. Become a tech support expert so you can start work in a matter of months, not years. Or choose the QA path if you are into breaking things. There's data science and cyber security for those good at maths and design and marketing for the more creative of us.
Leverage your skillset and continue pursuing your goal while establishing yourself in the industry. Your eventual transition will be smoother and might not require an employer change.

## Cons

### Reality-check

Learning a skill is hard, and learning a high-paying skill is even more challenging. Only a minority of people graduate the IT academies to find the desired job afterward. The economy has its ups and downs, and vacant IT positions fluctuate with it. You better establish a robust mindset and be prepared to wait for a while before landing the job you want. It's always a good idea to schedule a financial buffer so you can bootstrap yourself into the IT world. 

### Lack of direction

Ending up mentorless and clueless can be disheartening. Work diligently and earn the goodwill of at least one of your teachers. This way, you can be informed about the market in advance and even get recommended for an open position. References work wonders in IT, so you better keep in touch with fellow course attendants, too. The company, one of you, ends at may be actively recruiting new employees.

### Procrastination

I've seen it again and again. People won't do enough when the time is right and then start spreading stories about how challenging the venture is. Learning IT is the same. You remain your biggest enemy and should be wary of indulging yourself in unproductive activities. Too much fun invites procrastination which eventually leads to laziness and motivation loss. You'd better mitigate the risk and create a schedule. The rule with a plan is to make it balanced. Require yourself to work diligently and then make room for hobbies and interests outside of IT. Otherwise, you will either tyrannize yourself into quitting or never get any work done.

### Doing everything from scratch

One of the pitfalls to avoid is reinventing the wheel at every step. Be it building your CV or preparing for the interview; there are valuable lessons and good practices that you better adopt than learn the hard way. 
Go through a few articles and videos on every new thing on your path. You will become more knowledgeable, and the tips & tricks do compound, giving you the edge over other candidates.

### Conclusion

IT is constantly evolving, and you need to keep up with the news and try out novel technologies to stay in one place. You remain a student as long as you want to partake in the industry. Formal education might get you in slower and safer, while the self-made path is considered quicker and riskier. You can always go right with the choice as long as you give your best effort. Take into account your personality and circumstances, weigh in the pros and cons of each approach, and initiate your journey into IT today.


An opinionated article about the pros and cons of formal education and its counterpart.

From the front lines